- One polo order, and what Zoho can hold
- The same order as full package and as CMT
- Five fit-gap rows, scored for the polo business
- An item group for style P-2041
- One conversion rate, four rolls
- Three dye lots as batches
- Five assemblies for five sizes
- Assembling 900 size-L polos
- Embroidery at a subcontractor, with warehouses
- Buyer-supplied fabric in a CMT order
- The quotation cost build, and where Zoho meets it
- Landed cost from a separate clearing agent's bill
- The final inspection sample for 3,000 polos
- Retainer invoice, export invoice and exchange gain
- Profit per order with a reporting tag
- Import rows for the open polo order
- Test script: the polo order from order to cash
- Test script: shade split at cutting
- The polo order seen from the brand and the buying agent
- Creating a purchase order through the Zoho Inventory API
- One purchase request, from MerchandiserOS to Zoho and back
- The polo order with operations on top
Part 1Before you start
1Who Zoho Inventory and Zoho Books fit
Zoho Inventory with Zoho Books fits small clothing brands, wholesalers, online sellers and trading businesses that need cloud accounting, stock by warehouse, size and colour variants and sales-channel links. For a garment factory, it fits only as the books and stock ledger, because Zoho Inventory's own knowledge base states that it does not yet support manufacturing modules.
That statement decides most of this chapter. Zoho Inventory has item groups for variants, composite items that can be assembled from components, batch and serial tracking, warehouses and transfer orders, and landed cost on bills. It has no work orders, routings, work centres, WIP or subcontracting flow. Zoho Books adds the accounts, multi-currency, retainer invoices and tax. A factory that sews garments needs everything between the style and the shipment to live somewhere else.
Signs Zoho is the right base
- The business is a brand, a wholesaler or a small factory that wants cloud software and no server to look after.
- It sells through online channels as well as wholesale, and wants stock synchronised across them.
- Other Zoho apps (CRM, Creator, People) are already in use.
- Production detail is, or will be, handled by an operations system, not by the accounts.
Signs to slow down
- The factory expects production orders, job cards and WIP in Zoho Inventory. Zoho says it does not have them.
- The plan relies on composite items to represent a garment made through cutting, sewing, embroidery and washing.
- Fabric is bought in kilograms and cut in metres, and nobody has decided how rolls with different yields are recorded.
- Buyers require EDI, which Zoho Inventory does not provide as standard.
2Why no ERP fits apparel on its own
No general ERP or inventory system fits apparel out of the box, because it is built around a known item with one bill of materials, while a garment order starts as a style that is quoted, sampled and approved before any item exists. Zoho Inventory, being an inventory and order system without manufacturing, meets this wall at the first step; manufacturing ERPs such as Odoo, NetSuite or SAP meet it a little later. The same wall stands in front of brands and buying agents that never sew a garment, because their development, sampling and factory follow-up happen before and outside any transaction too (section 33).
Forcing an inventory system to do all of this means custom fields, scripts and workarounds in the one system that most needs to stay standard. The durable answer is to give Zoho the books and the stock ledger, and give the operations to a system built for them. Section 3 summarises that model and section 35 shows it in full.
One polo order, and what Zoho can hold
| Step | What happens | In Zoho Inventory and Books |
|---|---|---|
| Tech pack arrives | Measurements by size, construction, artwork, trims list | Nothing. There is no item yet |
| Costing and quote | Fabric from a marker, CM from 18 minutes, quote at USD 4.26 FOB | Nothing. A Zoho estimate prices existing items |
| Lab dips, strike-off, fit sample | Three lab dip rounds before navy is approved | Nothing |
| Order confirmed | Size breakdown 300 / 750 / 900 / 750 / 300 | Sales order on five items |
| Fabric and trims bought | 925 kg of jersey, rib, buttons, labels, polybags | Purchase orders |
| Fabric received | Three dye lots, rolls of different width and weight | Receive with batches; one fixed unit conversion |
| Cutting and sewing | Cut by dye lot, 18 minutes per polo, output by line by hour | Only the result: assembling composite items |
| Embroidery at a subcontractor | Panels out, 1% loss, panels back | A workaround with warehouses and transfer orders |
| Final AQL inspection | General level II, AQL 2.5, sample of 125 pieces | Nothing |
| Shipping and invoice | Cartons, packing list, commercial invoice | Packages, shipment, invoice |
Zoho records four of the ten steps well and two more partly. The four it cannot see are the ones that decide whether the polos ship on 15 December.
3The recommended architecture, in short
With Zoho, the split follows the product line: Zoho Books keeps the accounts, Zoho Inventory keeps stock and order documents, and an operations system built for apparel runs everything from the style to the shipment. This is where an operations layer fits most naturally, because Zoho Inventory does not attempt production.
| Area | Owned by | Why there |
|---|---|---|
| Style, tech pack, samples and approvals, quotation costing | Operations layer | This work happens before a Zoho item exists |
| Buyer orders, procurement planning, production planning, shop floor, quality, logistics | Operations layer | It needs sizes, dye lots, minutes, inspections and dates in one place |
| Shop-floor capture | The operations layer's floor screens, or a floor system such as Garment.io connected to it | Operators need a simple screen |
| Accounts, payables and receivables, invoicing, payments, stock value, tax and e-invoicing | Zoho Books, with Zoho Inventory for stock | This is the legal and financial record, and Zoho does it well as standard |
With this split, the Zoho set-up stays standard: few custom fields, few scripts, and nothing that breaks when Zoho changes its product. The rest of this guide still explains how far Zoho can be stretched toward garment production, because some businesses choose to try, and each section ends with a note on what moves out under the recommended model.
4Business types, and what each needs from Zoho
The business type decides whether Zoho is a natural fit or a stretch. Settle it first: Zoho is a natural fit for brands, wholesalers and agents, and a stretch for anyone who makes garments.
| Type | What it does | What it needs from Zoho | Where it struggles |
|---|---|---|---|
| CMT (cut, make, trim) | Sews buyer-supplied fabric; sells labour | Service invoicing, a separate warehouse for buyer fabric | No job-worker flow; buyer fabric must be kept out of stock value by design |
| Full-package (FOB) factory | Buys all materials, makes, ships | Purchases, batches, landed cost, assemblies, multi-currency, retainer invoices | No production orders, WIP or subcontracting; the largest gap |
| Textile mill | Turns yarn into fabric | Weight units, batches | Recipes, machine loading and batch genealogy are absent |
| Hosiery and knit-to-shape | Knits socks, tights or sweaters from yarn | A pair unit, kits for multi-packs | Yarn-to-pair production is not modelled |
| Brand or wholesaler | Buys finished goods from factories and sells them wholesale and online | Item groups, purchase orders, landed cost, sales channels, packages and shipments, multi-currency | Development and factory follow-up live elsewhere |
| Buying agent or buying house | Sources for buyers on commission; holds no stock | Zoho Books alone: commission invoices, expenses, multi-currency | T&A, samples and inspections are not in Zoho |
| Own-label retailer | A retailer developing its own label with factories | Purchases, landed cost, supplier payments | Development and factory follow-up happen outside; the retail back office usually sits in a retail system |
This is general implementation practice. Businesses that do not manufacture have their own part of this guide, section 33, because Zoho is often a very good fit for them.
The same order as full package and as CMT
As full package the factory sells at USD 4.26 FOB; as CMT the buyer sends 2,880 m of fabric and pays an illustrative USD 1.60 a piece.
| Question | Full package | CMT |
|---|---|---|
| How the fabric enters Zoho | Purchase receive against a purchase order, valued | No purchase; a design choice is needed so buyer fabric does not raise stock value (Example 10) |
| What is invoiced | 3,000 × 4.26 = USD 12,780.00 | 3,000 × 1.60 = USD 4,800.00, as a service |
| Reconciliation | Fabric used against the assemblies | 2,880 m received, 2,856 m used, 24 m returned |
Part 2Discovery
5Who should be on a Zoho apparel project team?
A Zoho project for a clothing business needs the owner, the finance lead, the person who runs stock and one person from merchandising or sourcing, and often a Zoho partner for set-up and scripts. The team is smaller than for a manufacturing ERP, because less is configured; the decisions about what stays outside Zoho are still the important ones.
| Role | Decides |
|---|---|
| Owner or sponsor | What Zoho holds and what sits outside it; plan and budget |
| Finance lead | Chart of accounts, tax, currencies, landed cost rules, reporting tags |
| Stock or warehouse lead | Warehouses, units and conversions, batch rules, receiving |
| Merchandising or sourcing head | Item groups, attributes, SKU pattern, how orders are entered |
| Production manager (factories) | What an assembly means and when it is recorded |
| Zoho partner or developer | Custom fields, workflow rules, custom functions, API connections |
6What should discovery workshops for a clothing business on Zoho cover?
Walk one real recent order per department from start to finish, and at each step ask where it is recorded today and whether it is a stock or money event. Anything that is neither belongs outside Zoho.
Merchandising and sourcing
- How many styles, colours and sizes did last season create? That is the variant count.
- How do buyer orders arrive, and how are they amended? Do any buyers require EDI?
- Where do samples, approvals and the T&A calendar live today?
Stock and purchasing
- Which materials are bought in one unit and used in another, and how much does the conversion vary?
- How are dye lots and rolls labelled? Are they checked at receipt?
- Which suppliers send goods to a subcontractor directly?
- When do freight, clearing and duty bills arrive, and from whom?
Production (factories only)
- At what moment is a garment "made" for the books?
- Which processes go outside, and how are pieces counted out and back?
- How are rejects and seconds recorded?
Sales, shipping and finance
- Which channels sell the goods: wholesale, online marketplaces, own web shop?
- How are cartons packed, and which documents does each buyer need?
- Which currencies, advance terms, letters of credit and chargebacks are involved?
- Which e-invoicing or tax reporting rules apply in the country?
7The apparel fit-gap checklist for Zoho Inventory and Books: 52 lines
A fit-gap checklist lists every requirement an apparel business has and records whether the system meets it as standard, with configuration, with custom work, or better outside it. For Zoho, the pattern is clear: variants, stock, purchasing and finance are standard or configurable; production and product development are not.
The answers are our assessment of Zoho Inventory with Zoho Books for a typical full-package garment factory, as documented in September 2026. Features differ by plan and country; confirm each line before you sign a scope.
Key: Standard works as delivered · Configure settings, custom fields or workflow rules · Custom build custom functions, Zoho Creator or a third-party app · Operations layer better run in an apparel operations system and passed to Zoho
| # | Requirement | Zoho answer | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Product | |||
| 1 | Style master with a colour-size variant matrix | Standard | Item groups with attributes and options; SKUs generated per variant (section 11) |
| 2 | Size scales per product category | Configure | Attribute options per item group |
| 3 | Season or collection, and style reuse | Configure | A custom field on items |
| 4 | Carry-over styles with a new BoM | Configure | A new composite item; no BoM versions |
| 5 | Prepacks and ratio packs | Standard | Composite kit items sell a pack as one unit |
| 6 | Pairs and multi-packs (hosiery) | Configure | A pair unit; kits for multi-packs |
| 7 | Buyer's own style and colour codes | Configure | Custom fields |
| 8 | Tech-pack revision linked to the order | Operations layer | No tech-pack object |
| 9 | Points of measure with tolerance per size | Operations layer | No measurement object |
| 10 | Sample types and rounds with buyer approval | Operations layer | No approval object |
| BoM and costing | |||
| 11 | BoM lines that apply by colour or size | Configure | One composite item per colour-size |
| 12 | Size-graded fabric consumption | Configure | Per-size composite quantities, imported (section 14) |
| 13 | Wastage and shrinkage held separately | Custom build | One quantity per component |
| 14 | Trims that change by colourway | Configure | Per-colour composites |
| 15 | Pre-costing with many elements and currencies | Operations layer | Before the item exists |
| 16 | Standard against actual cost per order | Operations layer | No production cost collection |
| 17 | Labour cost from operation minutes | Configure | A service line in the composite at a fixed rate; no minutes |
| 18 | Landed cost on receipts | Standard | On bills, by value or quantity, including from another vendor's bill |
| 19 | Quote versions and approval | Operations layer | Estimates price existing items |
| Materials | |||
| 20 | Purchase, stock and issue units with per-lot conversion | Custom build | Unit conversion uses a set rate per target unit (section 12) |
| 21 | GSM and width per lot or roll | Custom build | Recorded outside, or in custom fields where your plan allows |
| 22 | Roll tracking | Configure | A batch per roll, or serials; an item cannot be both |
| 23 | Dye lot and shade | Configure | Batch as dye lot; manufacturer batch number for the mill's lot |
| 24 | Four-point fabric inspection | Operations layer | No inspection object |
| 25 | Quality hold and quarantine | Configure | A QC warehouse and transfer orders |
| 26 | Buyer-supplied stock | Custom build | No consignment flow; design it deliberately |
| 27 | Reserved against free stock | Configure | Check how committed stock from sales orders behaves on your plan |
| 28 | Leftovers and stock-lot disposal | Configure | Items and a sales flow |
| Production | |||
| 29 | Work orders per style-colour or delivery | Operations layer | Zoho Inventory states manufacturing modules are not yet supported |
| 30 | Cut orders, lay plans, marker efficiency | Operations layer | |
| 31 | Bundles and bundle tickets | Operations layer | |
| 32 | WIP by stage and line | Operations layer | |
| 33 | Graded output (first quality, seconds, rejects) | Operations layer | An assembly produces one item |
| 34 | Subcontract out and back with loss | Custom build | Warehouse per subcontractor and transfer orders (section 17) |
| 35 | Capacity by line from minutes | Operations layer | |
| 36 | T&A with a critical path | Operations layer | |
| Quality | |||
| 37 | Inline and end-of-line capture | Operations layer | |
| 38 | Final AQL to ISO 2859-1 at the buyer's level | Operations layer | |
| 39 | Logged override of a failed inspection | Operations layer | |
| 40 | Lab tests and certificates per order | Configure | Attachments on transactions |
| Sales and shipping | |||
| 41 | Grid order entry by colour and size | Custom build | Check your plan; otherwise line by line or by import |
| 42 | Several deliveries per order | Standard | Several packages per sales order, shipped separately |
| 43 | Over and under-shipment tolerance | Custom build | A custom field and a check |
| 44 | Carton packing and labels (SSCC) | Configure | Packages are standard; buyer labels and SSCC are custom |
| 45 | EDI 850, 855, 856, 810 | Custom build | An EDI provider or connector |
| 46 | Buyer label and ASN rules | Custom build | Per buyer |
| Finance | |||
| 47 | Multi-currency and exchange differences | Standard | Realised and unrealised gain or loss reports; currency adjustments |
| 48 | Letter of credit terms and document checking | Custom build | No LC object |
| 49 | Advances and down payments | Standard | Retainer invoices, applied to the final invoice |
| 50 | Reason-coded chargebacks | Configure | One account per reason |
| 51 | Profitability per order | Configure | Reporting tags per order |
| 52 | E-invoicing per country | Standard | Where Zoho Books supports the country's scheme; check (section 22) |
Counted from this table, 7 of the 52 lines are standard, 18 need configuration, 10 need custom work and 17 are better run outside Zoho. That count is our assessment for a full-package factory, not a survey. For a brand that buys finished goods, most of the production and BoM lines drop away and Zoho covers the rest well.
Five fit-gap rows, scored for the polo business
| # | Requirement | Evidence | Decision | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Colour-size matrix | 15 variants per style in three colours | Item groups for finished goods; SKUs generated | Merchandising head |
| 20 | Per-lot kg to m | Four rolls held 1.9 m less than the fixed rate (Example 5) | Metres measured at receipt in the operations layer; Zoho receives metres | Stock lead |
| 29 | Work orders | Zoho Inventory states no manufacturing modules | Production orders in the operations layer; Zoho records assemblies | Sponsor |
| 34 | Embroidery out and back | Rejects never reconciled last season | Subcontractor warehouse in Zoho; counts in the operations layer | Production manager |
| 49 | Advances | Buyer pays 30% in advance | Retainer invoice in Zoho Books | Finance lead |
8Zoho Books vs Zoho Inventory: which does a clothing business need?
A clothing business that holds stock needs both: Zoho Books for the accounts and Zoho Inventory for items, warehouses, batches, packages and sales channels, integrated so that transactions flow between them. Zoho's integration page summarises the split as monitoring stock in Inventory and accounting in Books, and lists items, contacts, sales orders, purchase orders, invoices, bills and settings as synchronised.
| Business | Usually needs |
|---|---|
| Buying agent (no stock) | Zoho Books |
| Brand or wholesaler | Zoho Books and Zoho Inventory |
| Small factory keeping the books in Zoho | Zoho Books and Zoho Inventory, with production in an operations layer |
Zoho Inventory plans named in its API documentation are Free, Standard, Professional, Premium and Enterprise, and they differ in features and in daily API call limits (section 34). Take prices from Zoho's site at the time of quoting; they differ by country.
What about Zoho ERP?
Zoho also offers Zoho ERP in India, with manufacturing orders, BoMs with components and operations, work centres, job cards, a shop-floor module and subcontracting, according to its help pages. It is a different product from Zoho Inventory. If you are in India and want production inside Zoho, evaluate Zoho ERP separately and check whether it is offered in your country. This chapter covers Zoho Inventory and Zoho Books.
9Zoho Inventory vs Odoo for a clothing business
Choose Odoo if the business manufactures and wants production inside the ERP; choose Zoho Inventory with Books if it mainly buys and sells, or if production will run in an operations layer anyway. Both handle size and colour variants, batches and landed cost.
| Question | Zoho Inventory and Books | Odoo |
|---|---|---|
| Manufacturing | Not yet supported, per Zoho; composite items assemble from components | Manufacturing app with BoMs, manufacturing orders, work centres (Odoo chapter) |
| Subcontracting | Workaround with warehouses | Standard subcontracting flows |
| Variants | Item groups with attributes | Product templates with attributes |
| Hosting | Zoho's cloud, by data centre | Odoo Online, Odoo.sh or on-premise |
| API | REST with OAuth scopes, webhooks from workflow rules | JSON-2 (19+) or XML-RPC and JSON-RPC |
| Customisation | Custom fields, workflow rules, Deluge custom functions | Studio or custom Python modules |
For a factory that has decided to run production in an operations layer, the manufacturing gap stops mattering and the choice becomes about accounting, tax, price and the team's familiarity. See also the TallyPrime chapter and the comparison page.
Part 3Design, area by area
10How should items and materials be set up in Zoho Inventory for apparel?
Create materials as inventory items with a base unit chosen for how they are used, finished garments as item groups (brands) or composite items (factories), and services such as CM or embroidery as service items. Keep one naming pattern across all of them, because Zoho's reports and the API both read the SKU.
| Kind | Zoho item type | Base unit | Tracking |
|---|---|---|---|
| Knit fabric | Inventory item | m (purchase unit kg) | Batch per dye lot |
| Woven fabric | Inventory item | m | Batch per dye lot |
| Trims with shade (thread, zips) | Item group with a colour attribute | pcs or cone | Batch if shade matters |
| Trims without shade | Inventory item | pcs | None |
| Semi-finished (embroidered front) | Composite item (assembly) | pcs | None |
| Finished garment, factory | Composite item (assembly) per colour-size | pcs | Optional batch by dye lot |
| Finished garment, brand | Item group with colour and size | pcs | None, or batch per shipment |
| CM, embroidery, washing | Service item | pcs | None |
11How do you manage sizes and colours in Zoho Inventory?
Create an item group per style, add Colour and Size as attributes with their options, and let Zoho generate a SKU for each variant. A style/colour/size matrix is the grid of colours by sizes that defines every sellable version of a style; in Zoho that grid is an item group, and each cell is an item with its own SKU, cost price and selling price.
Zoho's help page describes adding attributes and options, generating SKUs for all variants, and entering a cost price and selling price per variant. It does not state a maximum number of attributes or variants per group; if a style has a third axis such as inseam or cup, test the variant count on your plan before designing around it.
For a factory, there is a design choice. A composite item is its own item, so a factory that assembles garments in Zoho usually makes each finished colour-size a composite item and keeps item groups for materials with colour variants. A brand that buys finished goods uses item groups for garments.
An item group for style P-2041
Item group Men's piqué polo P-2041, attributes Colour (Navy, White, Black) and Size (S, M, L, XL, XXL).
| Variant SKU | Order qty (navy) | Selling price (USD) |
|---|---|---|
| P2041-NVY-S | 300 | 4.26 |
| P2041-NVY-M | 750 | 4.26 |
| P2041-NVY-L | 900 | 4.26 |
| P2041-NVY-XL | 750 | 4.26 |
| P2041-NVY-XXL | 300 | 4.26 |
| Navy total | 3,000 | 12,780.00 |
Navy order value: 3,000 × 4.26 = 12,780.00
12How do you convert kilograms to metres for fabric in Zoho Inventory?
Set metres as the fabric's base unit, set kilograms as a target unit with a conversion rate, and make kilograms the default purchase unit. Zoho's unit conversion defines how many base units equal one target unit and applies that rate to calculate quantities on sales and purchase transactions. The rate is set, not measured, so it cannot follow roll-by-roll variation on its own.
Knit fabric's metres per kilogram equal 1000 ÷ (GSM × width in metres), and every roll differs slightly. Decide where the true metres come from: a measurement at receipt that is entered in metres (receiving in the base unit instead of the purchase unit), or an operations layer that measures the lot and sends metres to Zoho.
One conversion rate, four rolls
Four rolls weigh 99.7 kg → at the set rate: 99.7 × 3.086 = 307.7 m
Measured: 305.8 m → difference 307.7 − 305.8 = 1.9 m
Received in kilograms, Zoho would book 307.7 m for these four rolls, 1.9 m that the cutting room will never find. Received in metres from the measured length, the stock is right and the purchase order, still in kilograms, shows the weight delivered. Check on your plan whether a receipt can be entered in a unit different from the purchase order line; if not, record the measured metres by an inventory adjustment with a reason.
With operations on top: the measured lot record (GSM, width, shrinkage) is captured per receipt in the operations layer and judged against the shade band; Zoho receives the metres.
13How do you track dye lots and fabric rolls in Zoho Inventory?
Turn on batch tracking, mark each fabric as batch-tracked, and record each dye lot as a batch when receiving; the manufacturer batch number field can carry the mill's own lot number. A dye lot is fabric dyed in one batch; pieces from different dye lots can differ in shade and must not be mixed in one garment.
Zoho's batch tracking lets a received quantity be split into several batches with a batch number, manufactured date and expiry date, and its Batch Details report shows the manufacturer batch number, quantity in and available quantity. An item can be batch-tracked or serial-tracked, not both. For rolls, either use one batch per roll with the lot in its name (A-R01) or keep batches as lots and track rolls outside Zoho.
Zoho sorts batches by first expiring when selling. That logic is built for perishable goods; for fabric, leave expiry empty and choose the batch deliberately at each issue.
Three dye lots as batches
The mill ships 933 kg against the 925 kg ordered, measured at 2,880 m in three lots.
| Batch | Metres | Cut plan | Used | Left |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 1,210 | XXL 300, XL 750, M 23, S 87 | 1,186.58 | 23.42 |
| B | 1,030 | L 900, S 213 | 1,029.66 | 0.34 |
| C | 640 | M 727 | 639.76 | 0.24 |
| Total | 2,880 | 2,856.00 | 24.00 |
B: 900 × 0.95 + 213 × 0.82 = 855 + 174.66 = 1,029.66 · C: 727 × 0.88 = 639.76
Zoho holds the batches and their balances. The cut plan, and the rule that one cut takes one lot, live outside it. Test on your plan how batches are chosen when a composite item is assembled, before relying on batch balances for fabric.
14Can Zoho Inventory hold a garment bill of materials with size-dependent consumption?
Partly: a composite item of the assembly type lists components and quantities, and assembling it deducts the components and adds the finished item, so a garment BoM can be represented as one composite item per colour-size. Zoho describes assemblies as items physically assembled from components, and kits as existing items sold together without assembly. There is no BoM versioning, no operations and no by-products.
Zoho's manufacturing note puts it plainly: it is "yet to support manufacturing modules", and suggests composite items as a workaround for basic assemblies. Services can be part of a composite together with inventory items, which lets a fixed labour charge sit in the garment's cost.
Five assemblies for five sizes
| Composite item | Jersey (m) per piece | Pieces | Jersey (m) |
|---|---|---|---|
| P2041-NVY-S | 0.82 | 300 | 246.00 |
| P2041-NVY-M | 0.88 | 750 | 660.00 |
| P2041-NVY-L | 0.95 | 900 | 855.00 |
| P2041-NVY-XL | 1.02 | 750 | 765.00 |
| P2041-NVY-XXL | 1.10 | 300 | 330.00 |
| Total | 3,000 | 2,856.00 |
Each composite also lists one rib set, three buttons, labels, a polybag and a service line "CM, 18 minutes" at USD 1.26. The service line is a fixed price; Zoho has no minutes, efficiency or line.
With operations on top: the classified two-level bill of materials and the consumption engine (marker efficiency, shrinkage, woven construction) run in the operations layer, which passes purchase quantities to Zoho. A factory under this model may not need composite items at all.
15How do you record garment production in Zoho Inventory?
By assembling composite items: the assembly consumes the components from a warehouse and adds finished garments, in one step. Zoho Inventory has no work orders, routings, work centres or WIP, so an assembly records that garments exist, not how they were made.
Pick one moment for assembling, such as end of finishing, and assemble in regular batches per colour-size. Assembling at cutting would show garments that do not exist yet; assembling at shipment would hide a month of WIP from the balance sheet.
Assembling 900 size-L polos
| Component | Per piece | For 900 |
|---|---|---|
| Navy jersey, batch B | 0.95 m | 855.00 m |
| Rib collar and cuff set | 1 | 900 |
| Button 15 mm navy | 3 | 2,700 |
| CM service | USD 1.26 | USD 1,134.00 |
Of the 900, 14 are seconds. Zoho's assembly produces one item, so the 14 are moved by an inventory adjustment or into a seconds item afterwards. The grading itself happened on the floor.
With operations on top: planning on the 52-week heat-map, production orders, job cards per department, floor capture, the WIP board and quality grades run in the operations layer. Zoho receives the material movements and the finished quantities.
16Where do sampling, approvals and the T&A calendar live with Zoho?
Outside Zoho Inventory and Books, because none of them is a stock or money event. A PP sample is the garment the buyer approves as the reference for production, and a T&A calendar is an order's milestones worked back from ex-factory. Zoho holds only their costs: sample fabric, courier bills, sample charges.
Some businesses build a sample tracker in Zoho Creator or Zoho Projects. That is a separate application to maintain and connect; it does not become part of the inventory.
With operations on top: lab dips, strike-offs, samples and shipping marks run as rounds with parcel and courier details, the buyer's verdict and T&A wiring; the approved PP round locks the style version for the order.
17Can Zoho Inventory handle subcontracting for embroidery, printing or CMT?
Not as a flow. Zoho Inventory has no job-work or subcontracting documents, so the usual workaround is a warehouse per subcontractor, a transfer order to send material, an assembly in that warehouse for the processed item, a transfer order back and a vendor bill for the service. Check the workaround on your plan before relying on it.
Transfer orders move stock from one warehouse to another, one source and one destination per order, with an optional approval workflow, according to Zoho's help page.
Embroidery at a subcontractor, with warehouses
| Step | Zoho document | Quantity |
|---|---|---|
| Send cut fronts, 1% allowance | Transfer order, Main → Embroiderer | 3,030 |
| Record embroidery done | Assembly of "Embroidered front" in the Embroiderer warehouse | 3,004 |
| Record rejects | Inventory adjustment with a reason | 26 |
| Bring fronts back | Transfer order, Embroiderer → Main | 3,004 |
| Embroiderer's bill | Vendor bill for the service | 3,000 × 0.18 = USD 540.00 |
It balances, but only because someone did five documents correctly. There is no order linking them, no loss allowance and no view of what is late at the embroiderer.
Buyer-supplied fabric in a CMT order
In CMT the buyer sends 2,880 m. Zoho has no consignment or job-worker flow, so choose one design and write it down: a separate "Buyer stock" warehouse with the fabric received at zero value, or buyer fabric kept outside Zoho entirely and recorded in the operations layer. Either way the factory invoices 3,000 × USD 1.60 = USD 4,800.00 as a service and returns 2,880 − 2,856 = 24 m. Confirm the zero-value approach with your accountant before using it.
With operations on top: subcontract steps are planned beside the factory's own lines and followed per order. Zoho keeps the vendor bills and, if wanted, the stock at each subcontractor.
18How do you cost a garment with Zoho, and how do landed costs work?
Zoho values stock from purchase cost plus landed costs, and a composite item's cost comes from its components; the garment costing sheet that produces a quote lives outside Zoho. A landed cost is every cost of bringing goods in beyond the supplier's price: freight, insurance, customs duty, clearing and bank charges.
The quotation cost build, and where Zoho meets it
| Line | How it is worked out | USD | Where the actual lands in Zoho |
|---|---|---|---|
| Body fabric | 0.31 kg at 4.20 per kg, plus 6% cutting loss | 1.38 | Bill with landed cost |
| Collar and cuffs | 1 set | 0.25 | Bill |
| Trims | Buttons, thread, labels, polybag | 0.32 | Bill |
| Embroidery | Subcontractor price per logo | 0.18 | Vendor bill |
| CM | 18 minutes at 0.07 per minute | 1.26 | Service line in the composite; payroll in Books |
| Testing | Buyer's lab tests | 0.10 | Expense, tagged to the order |
| Factory overhead | 12% of CM | 0.15 | Overheads |
| Freight to port and documents | 0.12 | Expense, tagged | |
| Finance cost | 3% while waiting for payment | 0.11 | Bank charges |
| Margin | 10% | 0.39 | The result |
| FOB price | 4.26 |
All figures are illustrative.
How do you add freight and customs charges to imported fabric in Zoho?
Enable landed costs under Preferences for items ("I want to track landed cost on items"), add the charges to the bill with Add Landed Cost, and allocate them to the bill's items by value or by quantity. Zoho's knowledge base also allows a separate bill carrying only landed costs, for example from a clearing agent, to be applied to the goods bill, and landed costs can be allocated only to inventory-tracked items.
Landed cost from a separate clearing agent's bill
The mill's bill carries the jersey (925 kg, USD 3,885.00) and the rib sets (3,060 sets, USD 765.00). The forwarder's bill carries sea freight 420, clearing 180 and LC bank charges 95, total USD 695. Duty is zero under the factory's export scheme. Prices are illustrative.
| Item | Value | Share by value | Landed cost | Total | Per unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Navy jersey | 3,885.00 | 83.55% | 580.66 | 4,465.66 | 4.83 / kg |
| Rib sets | 765.00 | 16.45% | 114.34 | 879.34 | 0.29 / set |
| Total | 4,650.00 | 100% | 695.00 | 5,345.00 |
4,465.66 ÷ 925 = 4.83 · 879.34 ÷ 3,060 = 0.29
Quote fabric line at landed cost: 0.31 × 4.83 × 1.06 = USD 1.59, against 1.38
Allocate by value here: 925 kg and 3,060 sets are not comparable, so a split by quantity would load most of the charges onto the rib sets. The factory should quote on landed material cost; at USD 1.59 instead of 1.38, the fabric line alone takes 0.21 of the 0.39 margin.
With operations on top: the cost engine (fabric to FOB with landed cost and dated exchange rates), the standard cost sheet and quotations with approval thresholds run in the operations layer. Zoho holds the landed cost that actually hit the bills.
19Can Zoho Inventory run quality control and AQL inspection?
No. Zoho Inventory has no inspection object or sampling tables; quality runs outside it, and Zoho records only the stock result, for example goods moved to a QC warehouse or rejects adjusted out. AQL (acceptance quality limit) is an inspection method that checks a random sample from a lot and accepts or rejects it by the defects found, using ISO 2859-1 tables.
The final inspection sample for 3,000 polos
AQL 2.5, single sampling, normal inspection: accept 7, reject 8
The final inspection passed on 12 December. Nothing in Zoho knows that; the shipment should be created only once a pass is on record.
With operations on top: typed inspections from incoming to final AQL on ISO 2859-1 at the buyer's level, CAPA, needle and metal control and quality grades run in the operations layer.
20How do you handle cartons and shipments in Zoho Inventory?
Create packages from the sales order, several if needed, then a shipment that can carry several packages, shipped manually or through a carrier integration. Zoho's help pages describe packages moving from Not Shipped to Shipped to Delivered. Assorted cartons, carton labels to the buyer's rules and a packing list by carton and lot are outside the standard documents.
For the polo order packed in solid-size cartons of 10 with one dye lot per carton, the count is 298 full cartons and 4 part cartons, 302 in total, because sizes S and M are split across two lots each.
With operations on top: per-delivery shipments, packing and cartonisation and ship clearance against the buyer's terms run in the operations layer. Zoho receives the shipment and raises the invoice.
21How do Zoho Books and Inventory handle currencies, advances, letters of credit and chargebacks?
Zoho Books handles foreign currencies with realised and unrealised gain or loss reports and currency adjustments, and advances through retainer invoices applied to the final invoice; letters of credit and chargeback reasons are set up by design with accounts and custom fields. A retainer invoice in Zoho Books collects an advance that is held as a liability until it is applied to an invoice.
Retainer invoice, export invoice and exchange gain
Order value USD 12,780.00; 30% advance; balance against a letter of credit. The base currency is INR and the rates are illustrative.
| Step | In Zoho Books | USD | INR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Advance | Retainer invoice, paid | 3,834.00 | |
| Shipment 15 Dec | Invoice; retainer applied | 12,780.00 | |
| Balance due | At 84.00 | 8,946.00 | 751,464.00 |
| LC paid | Payment at 84.35 | 8,946.00 | 754,595.10 |
| Realised gain | Exchange gain account | 3,131.10 |
How do you see profit per order in Zoho?
Tag every bill, expense and invoice for an order with the same reporting tag, then report by tag. Zoho Books offers reporting tags on transactions; check the reports available on your plan.
Profit per order with a reporting tag
| Line (tag ORD-P2041) | Worked out | USD |
|---|---|---|
| Sales | 3,000 × 4.26 | 12,780.00 |
| Jersey, landed | Example 12 | −4,465.66 |
| Rib sets, landed | Example 12 | −879.34 |
| Trims | 3,000 × 0.32 | −960.00 |
| Embroidery | Example 9 | −540.00 |
| CM | 3,000 × 1.26 | −3,780.00 |
| Contribution | 2,155.00 |
Testing, freight to port, overhead and finance cost are missing unless they are tagged too. Figures are illustrative.
Letters of credit and chargebacks
A letter of credit is a bank's promise to pay the exporter when documents matching the credit's terms are presented; Zoho has no LC record, so hold the number, expiry and latest shipment date in custom fields or outside. A chargeback is an amount a buyer deducts for a claimed failure: clear the short payment to one account per reason. A deduction of USD 100.00 for labels and 89.46 (1% of 8,946.00) for a late ASN leaves 8,946.00 − 189.46 = 8,756.54 received.
22Does Zoho Books support e-invoicing for garment-exporting countries?
For some countries, yes: Zoho Books supports Saudi Arabia's ZATCA phase 2 e-invoicing from its Standard plan, and Zoho has announced XRechnung and ZUGFeRD support for Germany. For India, Egypt, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Vietnam and other garment exporters, check Zoho Books' edition for your country and the scheme it supports before go-live.
Zoho Books is sold in country editions with local tax settings. Confirm with your accountant that the edition files the returns and e-invoices your tax authority requires; this guide does not assert support for any country not named above.
Part 4Build
23In what order should you set up Zoho Books and Inventory for a clothing business?
Set up the organisation and tax first, then currencies, accounts, warehouses, units and conversions, preferences such as batch tracking and landed cost, then items, item groups and composite items, and only then documents, workflow rules and integrations. Each step depends on the ones before it.
- Organisation, data centre, tax. The data centre is chosen when the account is created; the API and OAuth addresses depend on it (section 34).
- Books integration. Connect Zoho Inventory and Zoho Books in the same organisation before any transaction.
- Currencies and exchange-gain accounts.
- Chart of accounts. Including chargeback accounts per reason and a buyer-stock approach if CMT is done (Example 10).
- Warehouses. Main store, QC, finished goods, one per subcontractor, buyer stock if needed.
- Units and unit conversions. m with kg as a target unit for knit fabric, pcs, pair, cone (section 12).
- Preferences. Batch tracking, landed cost on items, SKU generation.
- Items. Materials, then item groups and composite items by import (section 11).
- Reporting tags. One per order, created by the operations layer or by rule.
- Custom fields and workflow rules. Only the ones in the design (section 24).
- Integrations. OAuth client, scopes, webhooks, connector (section 34).
24How far should you customise Zoho for apparel?
Use custom fields and workflow rules for small, clear needs, and keep scripts and Zoho Creator apps for integrations and reports; do not build a production system inside Zoho Inventory. Workflow rules in Zoho Inventory trigger on a record being created, edited or deleted, or on a date, and can send emails, update fields and call webhooks; custom functions are written in Deluge, Zoho's scripting language.
| Request | Our view | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Buyer PO number, season and style on transactions | Reasonable | Custom fields; helps finance trace documents |
| A webhook when a purchase order is issued | Reasonable | Tells the operations layer at once (section 34) |
| Quantity tolerance check before shipment | Reasonable, small | A custom field and a check |
| Sample tracking or T&A in Zoho Creator | Only as a separate app | A second system to maintain and connect |
| Cut plans, WIP and line output in custom modules | Avoid | A production system inside the stock ledger |
Zoho's automation page lists limits, such as up to 10 criteria per workflow rule and a daily cap on workflow alerts. Check the limits that apply to webhooks on your plan before relying on them for every document.
25Which systems does a clothing business on Zoho integrate with?
A Zoho-based clothing business typically connects to its online sales channels (Zoho lists Shopify, Amazon, Etsy and eBay among them), shipping carriers, the bank, an operations system, and an EDI provider if retailers require EDI. Because Zoho is cloud-based with a REST API and webhooks, these connections are easier than with desktop accounting software.
- One writer per field. Stock quantities should be written by one system; if the operations layer receives fabric, Zoho should not also be edited by hand.
- Link on permanent ids. Store Zoho's record ids, such as
purchaseorder_idanditem_id, never only the document number or SKU, which users can change. - Respect the API limits. 100 requests a minute per organisation and a daily limit by plan (section 34).
- Make every call safe to repeat. Webhooks and retries can deliver the same event twice.
Part 5Data migration
26How do you migrate apparel data into Zoho Inventory and Books?
Import masters and open items only, in dependency order, from CSV or spreadsheet files through Zoho's import screens or the API, and have each owner sign off counts and totals. History stays in the old system.
| # | Object | Scope | Signed off by |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chart of accounts and opening balances | Current | Finance lead |
| 2 | Contacts: buyers, suppliers, subcontractors | Active in two seasons | Merchandising, purchasing |
| 3 | Units, warehouses | Final design | Stock lead |
| 4 | Material items | In stock or in active styles | Stock lead |
| 5 | Item groups and composite items | Styles with open orders | Merchandising head |
| 6 | Opening stock by warehouse and batch | Counted at cut-off | Stock lead, finance lead |
| 7 | Open purchase and sales orders | Undelivered quantities | Purchasing, merchandising |
| 8 | Open invoices and bills | Per document at cut-off | Finance lead |
Import rows for the open polo order
Item Group,Attribute 1,Option 1,Attribute 2,Option 2,SKU,Selling Price Men's piqué polo P-2041,Colour,Navy,Size,S,P2041-NVY-S,4.26 Men's piqué polo P-2041,Colour,Navy,Size,M,P2041-NVY-M,4.26 Men's piqué polo P-2041,Colour,Navy,Size,L,P2041-NVY-L,4.26 Men's piqué polo P-2041,Colour,Navy,Size,XL,P2041-NVY-XL,4.26 Men's piqué polo P-2041,Colour,Navy,Size,XXL,P2041-NVY-XXL,4.26
Open sales order SO-P2041: 300 / 750 / 900 / 750 / 300 at 4.26 Open purchase order PO-00457: navy jersey, 925 kg, 0 received Opening stock: button 15 mm navy, 9,504 pcs, Main store
Column names are illustrative; download the sample file from the import screen for your plan and use its headers.
The cut-off rule
Write the cut-off as a date and time. Count stock by warehouse and batch at that moment, including stock at subcontractors, and load what was counted, not what the old system said.
Part 6Testing
27How should you test a Zoho set-up for apparel end to end?
Test with end-to-end scenarios that follow one real order from the buyer's order to cash, run by key users in a test organisation with migrated data, each step with an expected result written in advance. Zoho does not stop many mistakes that matter in apparel, so the scripts also record what it allows.
| # | Scenario | Expected result in Zoho, in short |
|---|---|---|
| T1 | FOB order to payment | All documents reconcile to the order value (Example 17) |
| T2 | CMT order with buyer fabric | Buyer fabric does not raise stock value; service invoice only (Example 10) |
| T3 | Prepack order | Kit items sell packs; pieces reconcile |
| T4 | Shade split in cutting | Batch balances match the cut plan (Example 18) |
| T5 | Subcontract embroidery with loss | Subcontractor warehouse balance zero; rejects adjusted with a reason (Example 9) |
| T6 | Short shipment within tolerance | Invoice on shipped quantity; rest closed |
| T7 | Over-shipment | Blocked by the tolerance check, or needs a named approval |
| T8 | Seconds sale | Seconds item sold at its own price |
| T9 | LC discrepancy | A late shipment against the LC is caught before documents are presented |
| T10 | Chargeback | Short payment cleared to reason accounts |
| T11 | Mid-season spec revision | A new composite for new orders; the open order unchanged |
| T12 | Cancelled order with committed materials | Fabric remains in stock at cost; open POs listed |
| T13 | Currency at month-end | Realised gain or loss posted; unrealised reported |
Test script: the polo order from order to cash
| Step | Action | Expected result |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sales order for five SKUs at 4.26, tag ORD-P2041 | 3,000 pcs, USD 12,780.00 |
| 2 | Retainer invoice for 30%, paid | USD 3,834.00 held as a retainer |
| 3 | Purchase order for 925 kg jersey | Issued; webhook received by the operations layer |
| 4 | Receive 2,880 m in batches A, B, C; bill; forwarder's bill with USD 695 landed cost | Jersey at USD 4.83 per kg (Example 12) |
| 5 | Embroidery transfer, assembly and return (Example 9) | Embroiderer warehouse at zero |
| 6 | Assemble the five composites by batch | 3,000 pcs; jersey batches reduced as in Example 6 |
| 7 | Packages and shipment | 302 packages shipped |
| 8 | Invoice with retainer applied | USD 8,946.00 due |
| 9 | Payment at 84.35 against 84.00 | Realised gain INR 3,131.10 |
| 10 | Report by tag ORD-P2041 | Contribution USD 2,155.00 (Example 15) |
Test script: shade split at cutting
| Step | Action | Expected result |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Assemble XXL 300 and XL 750 choosing batch A | 330 + 765 = 1,095 m taken from batch A |
| 2 | Assemble L 900 choosing batch B | 855 m from batch B |
| 3 | Assemble M 727 from batch C and M 23 from batch A | 639.76 m from C; 20.24 m from A |
| 4 | Assemble S 87 from A and S 213 from B | 71.34 m from A; 174.66 m from B |
| 5 | Read batch balances | A 23.42 m, B 0.34 m, C 0.24 m |
| 6 | Assemble one polo taking fabric from two batches | Record whether Zoho allows it; the rule "one lot per cut" is enforced outside |
Test script: short shipment within tolerance
The buyer allows ±3% and the factory ships 2,940 pieces, 60 short (2.0%). Zoho has no tolerance field, so a custom field and check, or the operations layer, confirms the shortfall is inside the band. The invoice is 2,940 × 4.26 = USD 12,524.40, less the 3,834.00 retainer, leaving 8,690.40 due.
Part 7Training, go-live and hypercare
28How should you train a clothing business's staff on Zoho?
Train each role on the few documents it uses, on the business's own items and orders; Zoho's screens are simple, so most time goes to the rules that Zoho does not enforce, such as batch choice, receiving in metres and tagging every document.
| Role | What they learn | Hours | Pass when they can |
|---|---|---|---|
| Stock and receiving | Receives with batches, transfer orders, adjustments, assemblies | 6 | Receive three lots in metres and move fronts to the embroiderer |
| Purchasing | Purchase orders, bills, landed cost | 4 | Apply the forwarder's bill to the fabric bill |
| Sales and shipping | Sales orders, packages, shipments, invoices | 4 | Ship 302 packages and invoice with the retainer |
| Finance | Currencies, retainers, reporting tags, tax | 6 | Close the polo order and read its profit |
Hours are an example from practice, not a standard.
29What does a Zoho cut-over plan look like?
A cut-over plan lists the dated steps from freezing the old records to the first live documents, each with an owner and a go or no-go point; rehearse it once in a test organisation.
| Day | Date | Steps | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|
| T−10 | 22 Oct | Rehearsal import complete; go or no-go for the plan | Project lead |
| T−7 | 25 Oct | Masters frozen; final import of items, groups and composites | Stock lead, merchandising |
| T−1 | 31 Oct | Cut-off at 18:00; count by warehouse and batch, including at subcontractors | Stock lead |
| T0 | 1 Nov | Load stock, open orders and open documents; owners sign; go or no-go at noon | All owners, sponsor |
| T+9 | 10 Nov | Polo fabric received with batches in metres: first real test | Stock lead |
30When should a clothing business go live on Zoho, and how long is hypercare?
Go live between seasons and at the start of a month, and keep close support until the first month-end close and tax filing are done in Zoho. Hypercare is the period right after go-live when issues are fixed daily; practitioners commonly plan four to eight weeks, which is judgement rather than a measured standard.
Part 8Risks
31What are the most common mistakes when using Zoho for a clothing business?
The common mistakes are expecting manufacturing from Zoho Inventory, trusting the set conversion rate for fabric, one composite for all sizes, untracked batches, subcontracting done with loose transfers, and integrations that ignore API limits. The list comes from implementation practice.
- Zoho Inventory treated as a production system.Zoho states it does not yet support manufacturing modules; composites record results only.
- Receiving fabric in kg at the set rate.Metres in stock that the cutting room never finds.
- One composite for all sizes.Large sizes short of fabric.
- Fabric not batch-tracked.Dye lots lost at the first assembly.
- Subcontracting as loose transfers.Nothing links send, process, rejects and return.
- Buyer fabric received at value.Stock value includes the buyer's goods.
- No reporting tag per order.Profit per order cannot be read.
- API limits ignored.A bulk sync hits 100 requests a minute or the daily cap and stops halfway.
- Wrong data centre in the integration.OAuth and API calls go to .com for an .in or .eu organisation.
- Linking on SKUs or document numbers.A renamed SKU breaks the link.
The 15 general failure modes, and how each shows up with Zoho
| # | Symptom | How it shows in Zoho | Prevention |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | SKU swamp | Hand-made variants and duplicates | Item groups created by import (section 11) |
| 2 | Large sizes short of fabric | One composite for all sizes | Per-size composites (section 14) |
| 3 | kg and m never reconcile | Set conversion used on every receipt | Metres measured at receipt (section 12) |
| 4 | Shade mixing | Any batch chosen at assembly | Cut plan per lot outside Zoho (section 13) |
| 5 | Costing illusion | Quote in a spreadsheet, actuals untagged | Reporting tag per order (section 21) |
| 6 | Buyer fabric counted as owned | CMT fabric received at value | A deliberate buyer-stock design (section 17) |
| 7 | Goods lost at subcontractors | No warehouse per subcontractor | Warehouses and transfer orders |
| 8 | Produced is not shippable | All assembled pieces counted as first quality | Seconds moved to their own item |
| 9 | Spec drift | Composite edited while an order is open | A new composite per revision |
| 10 | Excel shadow system | Merchandisers keep their sheets | An operations layer for orders and T&A |
| 11 | Chargeback leakage | One discount account | An account per reason |
| 12 | LC discrepancies | No LC record | LC fields and a check before shipment |
| 13 | Floor data never arrives | Supervisors asked to post assemblies | Floor screens or a floor system |
| 14 | Big-bang in peak season | Go-live in a shipment window | Between seasons (section 29) |
| 15 | Migrated garbage | Duplicate contacts and items | Cleanse first (section 26) |
32What must be decided before going live on Zoho?
Decide what Zoho holds, the data centre, the item and variant design, how fabric metres are recorded, batch meaning, whether garments are composites, the subcontracting workaround, reporting tags, and how the operations layer connects, before go-live.
- What stays outside Zoho: styles, samples, T&A, production, floor, quality.
- Data centre and plan, including its API call limit.
- Item groups for sale, composites for assembly, or both.
- SKU pattern and item creation by import.
- Base unit and conversion per material; who records measured metres.
- Batch meaning: dye lot, roll, or both.
- Warehouses, including QC, subcontractors and buyer stock.
- How seconds and rejects are recorded.
- Landed-cost allocation rule per charge.
- Reporting tag per order.
- LC fields and chargeback accounts.
- Custom fields, workflow rules and scripts: a written list with owners.
- Integration method, OAuth scopes and webhook limits.
Part 9If you don't manufacture: brands, buying agents and own-label retailers
33Is Zoho a good fit for clothing brands, buying houses and own-label retailers?
Yes. Zoho Inventory with Zoho Books is a natural fit for small clothing brands that sell online and wholesale, and Zoho Books alone fits a buying agent's commission accounting. They do not need the manufacturing features Zoho Inventory lacks. What they need, and Zoho cannot give, is development, sampling and follow-up across the factories that make their goods.
Who this part is for
- A brand or wholesaler that designs and sells clothing while factories make it on FOB or CMT terms. Among ERP for clothing brands at this size, Zoho is common.
- A buying agent or buying house that sources for buyers on commission and holds no stock.
- A retailer developing its own label with factories, the work usually called private label sourcing.
What they need from Zoho
| Need | Brand or own-label retailer | Buying agent | How in Zoho |
|---|---|---|---|
| Purchase orders to factories, FOB or CMT | Yes | No | Purchase orders on item-group variants |
| Landed cost and duty | Yes | No | Landed cost on bills, including a separate forwarder's or broker's bill, by value or quantity |
| Vendor payments and LCs | Yes | No | Bills and payments in Books; LC details in custom fields or outside |
| Wholesale sales orders | Yes | No | Sales orders, packages, shipments, invoices |
| Online channels | Often | No | Sales-channel integrations; Zoho names Shopify, Amazon, Etsy and eBay |
| EDI 850, 856, 810 and chargebacks with retailers | If selling to retailers | No | No EDI as standard; an EDI provider; chargeback accounts per reason |
| Commission accounting | Pays it | Earns it | A commission invoice as a service item in Zoho Books; no stock, no goods payables or receivables |
| Multi-currency | Yes | Yes | Standard in Books |
| Composite items and assemblies | Skip | Skip | Not needed |
A buying agent usually needs Zoho Books only. Tax on export of services depends on the country; confirm it with the agent's tax adviser.
What Zoho handles poorly for them
- Development and sampling with many factories. Lab dips, strike-offs and fit samples move between the brand, the agent and several factories; Zoho sees the courier bill.
- T&A across factories. Every order's milestones sit at a different factory; Zoho has no calendar.
- Following production that happens outside. Zoho sees a purchase order and, weeks later, a receipt.
- Inspections at the vendor. AQL inspections at the factory decide whether goods ship; Zoho has no inspection record.
- One status per order. A merchandiser following 40 orders across 12 factories and 6 buyers needs one status per order, not a list of open purchase orders.
That is the gap buying house ERP and sourcing agent software aim at. A Zoho user closes it by keeping Zoho for the books and stock and adding an operations layer for the sourcing work.
What should a brand or agent switch on in Zoho, and what should it leave off?
Switch on only what the books and the stock need, because every feature left on is a screen someone must keep correct.
- Brand: Zoho Inventory integrated with Zoho Books, item groups for every style, a warehouse per stock location, landed cost on items, multi-currency, and the sales channels it actually sells through.
- Brand: batch tracking only if goods must be traced by shipment or factory lot for claims or recalls.
- Brand: a reporting tag per season or per purchase order, so the margin of each buy can be read after it sells.
- Agent: Zoho Books only, a service item for commission, multi-currency, and a reporting tag per buyer.
- Both: leave composite assemblies off. A brand that sells prepacks may still use kits.
An own-label retailer usually already runs a retail system for stores and point of sale. Zoho then holds the supplier side and the accounts, and the retail system passes summarised sales to it. Where that line sits is a decision for the retailer's finance team.
The MerchandiserOS model for brands and agents
MerchandiserOS runs development, samples and approvals, T&A, the orders placed with factories, sourcing, the planning view across subcontracted factories, quality inspections and shipping follow-up. Its workspace set-ups include "Brand" and "Buying agent". Zoho keeps the books and, for a brand, the stock and sales channels. Retail back-office work (stores, point of sale, allocation and open-to-buy) is outside MerchandiserOS's scope, so an own-label retailer keeps its retail system for that.
The polo order seen from the brand and the buying agent
A brand places the 3,000 polos with the factory at USD 4.26 FOB through a buying agent paid an illustrative 5% of FOB. Freight, insurance, a 10% duty rate on CIF and clearing are illustrative.
| Line | Worked out | USD | In Zoho |
|---|---|---|---|
| FOB value | 3,000 × 4.26 | 12,780.00 | Factory's bill |
| Sea freight and insurance | 480.00 + 40.00 | 520.00 | Forwarder's bill, landed cost |
| CIF value | 12,780.00 + 520.00 | 13,300.00 | |
| Duty | 13,300.00 × 10% | 1,330.00 | Broker's bill, landed cost |
| Clearing | Illustrative | 150.00 | Broker's bill, landed cost |
| Agent's commission | 12,780.00 × 5% | 639.00 | Agent's bill; landed cost or expense, as the accountant decides |
| Landed cost in the brand's warehouse | 15,419.00 |
In the brand's Zoho: the forwarder's and broker's bills carry only landed costs and are applied to the factory's bill, which Zoho's knowledge base allows. With one price for all five sizes, allocation by value and by quantity give the same result, USD 5.14 per polo when the commission is treated as landed cost.
In the agent's Zoho Books: one invoice to the brand for a "Buying commission, order P-2041" service item, USD 639.00, with no stock involved.
Part 10Integration and API
34How do you integrate with Zoho Inventory: REST, OAuth and webhooks?
Integrate through the Zoho Inventory REST API with OAuth 2.0, using the base address for the organisation's data centre and an organization_id on every call, and use workflow-rule webhooks to push changes out as they happen. Incoming webhooks, handled by a Deluge function, can receive calls from other systems.
| Topic | What Zoho's API documentation says |
|---|---|
| Base address | By data centre, for example https://www.zohoapis.com/inventory/ (US), .eu, .in, .com.au, .jp, .ca, .com.cn, .sa |
| Organisation | Every request carries organization_id |
| Authentication | OAuth 2.0 authorization code and refresh token; header Authorization: Zoho-oauthtoken …; the access token typically lasts an hour |
| Scopes | ZohoInventory.<module>.<action>, for example ZohoInventory.items.CREATE, ZohoInventory.invoices.READ |
| Rate limits | 100 requests per minute per organisation; per day 1,000 (Free), 2,000 (Standard), 5,000 (Professional), 10,000 (Premium and Enterprise); HTTP 429 when exceeded |
| Concurrency | 5 simultaneous calls on Free, 10 on paid plans (soft limit) |
| Outgoing webhooks | From workflow rules on create, edit, create-or-edit, delete or a date; POST, PUT or DELETE; all or selected parameters; custom headers |
| Incoming webhooks | A generated URL (OAuth or ZAPI key) that runs a Deluge function with the caller's header, params and body |
- Use a dedicated integration user and ask only for the scopes the connection needs.
- Link on Zoho's ids. Store
purchaseorder_id,item_idandcontact_id. Document numbers and SKUs can be edited. - Treat webhooks as a hint. A webhook says something changed; the receiver reads the record through the API and is safe if the same event arrives twice. Keep a scheduled poll as a backstop.
- Protect incoming webhook URLs. Zoho warns that anyone who has the URL can reach the data it exposes.
- Budget the daily limit. 3,000 item or stock updates sent one call each would exceed the Standard plan's 2,000 calls a day; batch, filter and sync changes only.
Creating a purchase order through the Zoho Inventory API
A connector with scope ZohoInventory.purchaseorders.CREATE creates the fabric purchase order. The organisation and record ids are illustrative; take field names from the Purchase Orders page of the API documentation.
POST https://www.zohoapis.com/inventory/v1/purchaseorders?organization_id=10234695
Authorization: Zoho-oauthtoken 1000.••••
Content-Type: application/json
{"vendor_id": "4815000000031007",
"reference_number": "PR-1042",
"line_items": [{"item_id": "4815000000044120",
"quantity": 925}]}
The response carries the new purchaseorder_id, for example 4815000000045011, and the number Zoho gave it, PO-00457. The price comes from the item's purchase rate in Zoho, not from the connector.
How does MerchandiserOS connect to Zoho?
MerchandiserOS publishes an ERP API that a Zoho connector or a Deluge function can call: it collects approved purchase requests and other documents, and sends Zoho's purchase-order numbers back for a person to approve. No money amounts travel through it.
One purchase request, from MerchandiserOS to Zoho and back
- In MerchandiserOS, request
PR-1042for 925 kg of navy jersey is approved. - The connector collects it:
GET /api/v1/erp/documentsreturns the request with quantities, units and the supplier code. - The connector creates the purchase order in Zoho Inventory (Example 20) and gets
purchaseorder_id4815000000045011. - The connector sends the answer back:
POST /api/v1/erp/po-status
Idempotency-Key: zoho-po-4815000000045011-issued
{"rows": [{"request_ref": "PR-1042",
"erp_po_id": "4815000000045011",
"erp_po_number": "PO-00457",
"status": "issued",
"date": "2026-10-21"}]}
- A person in MerchandiserOS approves it on the ERP review list. The request now shows "Zoho PO-00457, issued".
- The connector reads the decision back from
GET /api/v1/erp/proposals/{id}.
The link is stored on Zoho's purchaseorder_id, so renumbering the PO breaks nothing, and a retried call with the same Idempotency-Key is not recorded twice. A workflow-rule webhook on purchase orders can trigger step 4 at once instead of waiting for the next poll.
The no-code option. Where nobody will build a connector, the same exchange works as files: MerchandiserOS exports the documents, they are imported into Zoho, and Zoho's purchase-order numbers go back as a file that a person reviews before anything changes.
Part 11The recommended model
35The operations layer: what runs on top of Zoho
The simplest way to run a garment business on Zoho is to let Zoho Books keep the accounts, let Zoho Inventory keep stock and order documents, and run operations, from style to shipment, in a system built for apparel. Zoho Inventory does not attempt production, so there is nothing to undo: the operations layer fills the space Zoho leaves open.
The polo order with operations on top
| Step | In MerchandiserOS | What Zoho sees |
|---|---|---|
| Tech pack and quote | Style P-2041, graded measurements, cost build at 4.26 FOB | Nothing yet |
| Samples | Lab dips approved 17 Oct; PP approved 14 Nov and locked to the style version | Nothing |
| Order | 3,000 pieces by size, T&A to 15 Dec | Sales order and a retainer invoice |
| Procurement | Net-to-buy 925 kg; receipt measured per lot (2,880 m in A, B, C) | Purchase order, receive in metres by batch, bills with landed cost |
| Planning and production | Line booked; cutting 17 Nov by dye lot; job cards; WIP board | Material movements and finished quantities |
| Embroidery | Subcontract step planned and followed | Vendor bill |
| Shop floor | Output per line per hour on floor screens or from Garment.io | Nothing |
| Quality | Final AQL 12 Dec at level II, 125 pieces; only first quality ships | Nothing |
| Logistics | 302 cartons by lot; ship clearance | Shipment and invoice |
Who does what
| Area | Runs in MerchandiserOS | Recorded in Zoho |
|---|---|---|
| Style | Styles with versions and frozen snapshots, tech pack sections, graded points of measure with tolerances, colourways and lab dips, a classified two-level bill of materials, the consumption engine | The sellable items and variants |
| Samples and approvals | Lab dip, strike-off, sample and shipping mark rounds with parcel and courier details, buyer verdict and T&A wiring | Sample costs |
| Costing | Cost engine from fabric to FOB with landed cost and dated FX, standard cost sheet, quotations, approval gates with thresholds | Nothing until purchases and sales happen |
| Orders | Buyer POs as parent records, size-by-colour breakdown, tolerance band, provisional to confirmed quantity, per-shipment deliveries, ratio packs | Sales orders and invoices |
| Procurement | Suppliers with qualification, materials master, purchase requests, purchase orders, GRN receiving, material issue and return, MRP net-to-buy, shade bands and measured lots | Purchase orders, receipts, batches, bills, landed cost |
| Planning and production | 52-week heat-map of lines and subcontractors, production orders, job cards, WIP board, T&A with critical path | Material movements and finished stock |
| Shop floor | Floor capture screens, or Garment.io feeding output and actual minutes in | Nothing |
| Quality | Typed inspections, AQL on ISO 2859-1 at the buyer's level, CAPA, needle and metal control, quality grades | Seconds as their own item |
| Logistics | Per-delivery shipments, packing and cartonisation, ship clearance | Packages, shipments, invoices |
| Finance | Nothing; no money amounts in the API | Everything: accounts, tax, payments, currencies, stock value |
What the Zoho project no longer needs to build
- Composite items as garment BoMs, and per-size composites maintained by hand.
- The subcontracting workaround with transfer orders and assemblies at each subcontractor.
- Custom fields for GSM, width and shade on batches.
- Sample trackers or T&A apps in Zoho Creator.
- Tolerance checks and carton planners.
What stays in the Zoho project: accounts, tax, currencies, retainers, landed cost, stock by warehouse and batch, sales channels, reporting tags and the connection.
How they connect
- Zoho and MerchandiserOS. A connector or a Deluge function collects purchase requests, sales orders, receipts and shipments from MerchandiserOS and creates them in Zoho, then sends back Zoho's purchase-order numbers, payment dates and invoice status through the MerchandiserOS ERP API. A person approves every inbound change on the review list before it lands, and money amounts stay in Zoho. A file exchange does the same job with no programming.
- Shop floor. Factories without a floor system use MerchandiserOS's floor screens. Factories running Garment.io keep it: MerchandiserOS integrates with Garment.io, sending orders and styles to it and reading floor output and actual minutes back.
·Frequently asked questions about Zoho for apparel manufacturers and brands
These are the questions founders, consultants and factory managers ask most often about Zoho Inventory and Zoho Books for clothing. Each answer stands on its own.
Is Zoho Inventory good for apparel manufacturers?
Zoho Inventory is good as the stock ledger and Zoho Books as the accounts for a small apparel business, but Zoho Inventory's own knowledge base states that it does not yet support manufacturing modules. It has composite items that assemble finished goods from components, but no work orders, routings, WIP or subcontracting flow. Garment factories on Zoho run production, sampling and quality in a separate operations system.
How do I manage sizes and colours in Zoho Inventory?
Create an item group per style, add Colour and Size as attributes with their options, and generate a SKU for each variant; each variant can carry its own cost and selling price. Zoho's help page does not state a maximum number of attributes or variants, so test a style with a third axis, such as inseam, on your plan.
Does Zoho Inventory have work orders or a bill of materials?
Zoho Inventory has no work orders, and its knowledge base says manufacturing modules are not yet supported. A composite item of the assembly type lists components and quantities and, when assembled, deducts the components and adds the finished item, which can stand in for a simple garment BoM. Zoho ERP, a separate product offered in India, documents manufacturing orders, BoMs with operations and job cards.
What is the difference between an assembly and a kit in Zoho Inventory?
An assembly is a composite item physically made from its components, so assembling it reduces component stock and creates the finished item. A kit groups existing items to be sold as one unit without assembly, with each component remaining independent. For apparel, assemblies can represent a garment made from fabric and trims, and kits can represent prepacks or multi-packs.
How do I convert kg to metres for fabric in Zoho Inventory?
Set metres as the base unit and add kilograms as a target unit with a conversion rate, such as 3.086 m per kg for 180 GSM jersey at 1.80 m width, and make kilograms the default purchase unit. The rate is fixed, while real rolls vary, so record the measured metres at receipt instead of relying on the rate for stock.
Can Zoho Inventory track fabric dye lots?
Yes, with batch tracking: each dye lot is received as a batch, and the manufacturer batch number can hold the mill's lot number. An item can be batch-tracked or serial-tracked, not both. Zoho documents no rule that limits an assembly to one lot, and it sorts batches by expiry for perishable goods, so fabric batches should be chosen deliberately at each use.
How do landed costs work in Zoho Inventory?
Enable "I want to track landed cost on items" under item preferences, add freight, duty and clearing to a bill with Add Landed Cost, and allocate them to the bill's items by value or by quantity. A separate bill carrying only landed costs, such as a customs broker's, can be applied to the goods bill. Landed costs can be allocated only to inventory-tracked items.
Can Zoho handle subcontracting for embroidery or CMT?
Not as a built-in flow. The usual workaround is a warehouse per subcontractor, a transfer order to send the material, an assembly or adjustment for the processed goods, a transfer order back and a vendor bill for the service. It balances only if each document is posted correctly, and it has no loss allowance or late-delivery view.
Does Zoho Inventory have an API and webhooks?
Yes. The Zoho Inventory REST API uses OAuth 2.0 with scopes such as ZohoInventory.items.CREATE, a data-centre-specific base address and an organization_id on every call, with limits of 100 requests per minute and a daily cap by plan. Workflow rules can send webhooks when records are created, edited or deleted, and incoming webhooks can run a Deluge function when another system calls them.
Is Zoho good for a clothing brand that outsources production?
Yes. A clothing brand that buys finished goods from factories can use Zoho Inventory item groups for sizes and colours, purchase orders to factories, landed cost from forwarder and broker bills, sales-channel integrations, packages and shipments, with Zoho Books for accounts and currencies. Development, sampling, T&A across factories and inspections at the vendor are not in Zoho, so brands pair it with an operations or sourcing tool.
Can Zoho Books handle a buying agent's commission?
Yes. A buying agent or buying house can run Zoho Books with no inventory: a commission invoice to the buyer as a service item, expenses, and receipts in foreign currency with realised gain or loss. How export of services is taxed depends on the country and should be confirmed with the agent's tax adviser.
Do I need Zoho Books, Zoho Inventory, or both?
A business that holds stock needs both, integrated in one organisation, so that items, contacts, sales orders, purchase orders, invoices and bills flow between them: Inventory for stock and Books for the accounts. A buying agent that holds no stock usually needs Zoho Books only.
Zoho Inventory vs Odoo: which is better for a clothing business?
Odoo suits a business that manufactures and wants production inside the ERP, because it has a Manufacturing app with BoMs, manufacturing orders, work centres and subcontracting. Zoho Inventory with Books suits brands, wholesalers and agents, or a factory that runs production in an operations layer, because it is cloud-only, simple, and connects through a REST API with webhooks.
Does Zoho Books support e-invoicing?
For some countries. Zoho Books supports Saudi Arabia's ZATCA phase 2 e-invoicing from its Standard plan, and Zoho has announced XRechnung and ZUGFeRD support for Germany. For other garment-exporting countries, check the Zoho Books edition for your country and the scheme it supports before go-live.
·Glossary of apparel and Zoho terms
Short definitions of the apparel and Zoho terms used in this guide.
- AQL
- Acceptance quality limit: an inspection method that checks a random sample from a lot and accepts or rejects it by the defects found, using ISO 2859-1 tables.
- Assembly
- In Zoho Inventory, a composite item physically made from components; assembling it deducts the components and adds the finished item.
- Batch
- In Zoho Inventory, a received quantity with a batch number and optional manufacturer batch, manufactured and expiry dates; used here as a dye lot.
- Buying agent
- A business that sources and follows orders for buyers across factories and earns a commission, holding no stock.
- Chargeback
- An amount a buyer deducts from a payment for a claimed failure, such as a late shipment or wrong label.
- CM, CMT
- Cut and make, or cut, make and trim: the labour charge for making a garment, and the model where the buyer supplies the fabric.
- Composite item
- In Zoho Inventory, an item made of other items: an assembly or a kit.
- Deluge
- Zoho's scripting language, used for custom functions and incoming webhooks.
- Dye lot
- A batch of fabric dyed together; pieces from different dye lots can differ in shade and must not be mixed in one garment.
- Ex-factory
- The date goods leave the factory for shipment.
- FOB
- Free on board: the price of goods loaded at the port of shipment; the usual quoted price per piece in garment trade.
- GSM
- Grams per square metre: the weight of fabric.
- Item group
- In Zoho Inventory, a set of variant items sharing attributes such as colour and size, each with its own SKU.
- Kit
- In Zoho Inventory, a composite item that sells existing items together without assembly.
- Lab dip
- A small dyed fabric sample sent to the buyer to approve a shade before bulk dyeing.
- Landed cost
- Every cost of bringing goods in beyond the supplier's price: freight, insurance, duty, clearing, bank charges.
- Letter of credit (LC)
- A bank's promise to pay an exporter when documents matching the credit's terms are presented.
- Own-label retailer
- A retailer that develops and sells clothing under its own label, made by factories.
- PP sample
- Pre-production sample: a garment in bulk fabric and trims that the buyer approves as the reference for production.
- Reporting tag
- In Zoho Books, a label on transactions used to report income and costs by a dimension, such as an order.
- Retainer invoice
- In Zoho Books, an invoice for an advance, held as a liability until it is applied to a final invoice.
- Style/colour/size matrix
- A grid of colours by sizes that defines every sellable version of a style.
- T&A calendar
- Time and action calendar: an order's milestones with dates worked back from ex-factory, actual dates and owners.
- Transfer order
- In Zoho Inventory, a document that moves stock from one warehouse to another.
- Unit conversion
- In Zoho Inventory, a set rate between an item's base unit and a target unit used on sales or purchases.
- Workflow rule
- In Zoho, an automation that runs actions such as emails, field updates or webhooks when a record changes or a date arrives.
·Checklists: a Zoho apparel set-up on one page
The checklists below repeat the decisions and checks from each part of this guide, in project order.
Discovery
- Business type settled: factory, brand, buying agent or own-label retailer.
- All 52 fit-gap lines answered with evidence, decision and owner.
- What Zoho holds and what sits outside it, agreed in writing.
- Books only, or Books and Inventory; plan and data centre chosen.
Design
- Item groups for sale, composites for assembly, or both.
- SKU pattern; items created by import.
- Base units and conversions; measured metres at receipt.
- Batch meaning; warehouses for QC, subcontractors and buyer stock.
- Landed-cost allocation rules; reporting tag per order.
- Currencies, retainers, LC fields, chargeback accounts, tax and e-invoicing.
Build, data and testing
- Set-up done in dependency order.
- Custom fields, workflow rules and scripts listed with owners.
- Integration on Zoho ids, within API limits, safe to repeat.
- Import loaded in order with a cut-off rule and signed totals.
- All 13 end-to-end scenarios passed by key users.
Go-live
- Staff trained on the rules Zoho does not enforce.
- Cut-over rehearsed in a test organisation.
- Go-live between seasons; hypercare to the first month-end close.
·Sources
Zoho pages were checked on 26 September 2026. Zoho's cloud products change without version numbers, so check each page for your plan and data centre.
- Zoho Inventory knowledge base, Manufacturing modules (not yet supported) · zoho.com
- Zoho Inventory help, Composite items (assemblies and kits) · zoho.com
- Zoho Inventory help, Creating items and item groups · zoho.com · API, Item groups · zoho.com
- Zoho Inventory help, Unit conversion · zoho.com
- Zoho Inventory, Batch tracking and serial number tracking · zoho.com · zoho.com
- Zoho Inventory knowledge base, Landed cost · zoho.com
- Zoho Inventory help, Transfer orders · zoho.com
- Zoho Inventory help, Packages and shipments · zoho.com · zoho.com
- Zoho Inventory help, Sales channel integrations · zoho.com
- Zoho Books, Zoho Inventory integration · zoho.com
- Zoho Books help, Retainer invoices · zoho.com
- Zoho Books help, Currency reports and base currency adjustment · zoho.com · zoho.com
- Zoho Books, e-invoicing in Saudi Arabia · zoho.com · Germany (XRechnung, ZUGFeRD) · zoho.com
- Zoho ERP (India), Manufacturing orders · zoho.com
- Zoho Inventory API, Introduction (data centres, organization_id, rate limits) · zoho.com
- Zoho Inventory API, OAuth · zoho.com
- Zoho Inventory help, Workflow rules and webhooks · zoho.com
- Zoho Inventory help, Incoming webhooks · zoho.com
- ISO 2859-1, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes · iso.org
- AQL tables and acceptance numbers · qima.com
Corrections. Zoho updates its cloud products continuously, and a feature or limit can change without notice. If you find a statement here that your plan contradicts, report a correction with your plan, data centre and the page you checked; we correct the guide and note the change and its date at the top of this section. We re-check the Zoho facts in this chapter at least once a year.
Zoho, Zoho Inventory, Zoho Books, Zoho Creator and Zoho ERP are trademarks of Zoho Corporation, used here only to name the products. This guide is not endorsed by Zoho Corporation. Odoo is a trademark of Odoo S.A.; Shopify, Amazon, Etsy and eBay are trademarks of their owners. Garment.io is named because MerchandiserOS integrates with it; this guide is not endorsed by Garment.io.